British Genealogy Research for Non-UK Researchers

If you have British genealogy but you don’t live in the UK, then you have probably used the internet to carry out your family history research at least back to the early 19th century.  Perhaps you have taken out a subscription to websites such as  Ancestry.co.uk or Find My Past to search for census records, births, marriages and deaths and other documents that are available online.  You may even have found that someone else researching your family line has published a tree online.

However, while more and more documents are becoming available online, many necessary records before the 19th century – and some records after – are only accessible by visiting local archives.  If you have found your ancestors in the birth, marriage and death indexes from 1837, it can be extremely expensive to order copies of the certificates from outside of the UK.

Even if you have discovered that someone else has done research on your line, you should never trust that the person publishing the tree has done their research properly.  I have seen countless mistakes on these trees – and not infrequently a lot of wishful thinking!

The trouble is that when people are not able to access the original sources, such as parish registers, they tend to rely on sources such as the International Genealogical Index.  Now, this is a wonderful source which is extremely useful.  However, as it is not complete, and is not always accurate, it is very possible to make errors when using it, and go climbing up the wrong family tree.  The IGI should only ever be used as a search tool to find probable or possible register entries, and it should always be backed up by searches of the original records before going further up the tree.

This is a problem if the parish registers you need are not yet online.  Other documents, such as wills, may help – and many of these are indexed online, and some are even downloadable, or at least orderable via the internet – but many wills are only to be found at local record offices.  In other words, if you are only using the internet, you cannot be sure that you are getting all the sources you need.

So, while the internet is a boon for non-UK residents searching their British genealogy, it is also very frustrating when the essential records you need are only accessible locally.

A very good search engine is one provided by The National Archives.  This is called Access to Archives, and you can use it to search for documents that mention your ancestors.  The list of results will tell you in which repository the document is held – so at least you will know which archive you need.

You may be able to contact the relevant archive and request a photocopy of the document, for which there will be a fee.

But it is very likely that there will be lots of records you need in different parts of the country.  Parish registers that need intense searching, documents to be copied or photographed, or lists of wills to be perused.  To try and organise such searches individually in each area would be extremely time-consuming and ultimately expensive.

The ideal alternative would be to hire a UK genealogist who can ‘oversee’ your UK searches, carry out searches in local archives, or sub-hire other genealogists in other parts of the country.  A genealogist in the UK will have expert knowledge about the history and geography of their area, and can therefore often find sources or archives that you may not have known about.  They will understand the historical background of British ancestors; how people lived and why they may have moved house or emigrated.

UK genealogists very often have extra services, such as photography or family history writing services, backed up by their knowledge of British and local history.

My own British genealogy service covers the whole of the UK.  I am based in Warwickshire in the Midlands, but I use a pool of trusted genealogists across the country who will undertake searches at local county record offices that are outside of my area.  I can therefore take your British ancestry and research it from scratch.

AND… for the month of December 2011, I am offering a huge 20% discount for all new clients ordering British genealogy research.  My usual hourly charge is £20 – but for this month it will be £16 only – and this will continue into the new year AS LONG AS you order your research before 31st December.  Just email me at info@tracingancestors-uk.com with December Discount in the subject box, and give me the details of what you are looking for.

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Review of Family Tree Maker 2012

It was a long time coming, but I finally decided that I have to upgrade my family tree software because the version I was using has been around since God was a boy.  I was quite happy with the way Family Tree Maker worked – but I did want to be able to create some better looking tree charts, especially for clients who are getting research done as gifts.  So, having ordered the upgrade from My History (who were extremely quick – it arrived the next day), I spent the weekend playing with it, (which gave me an excuse to do some work on my own family history).  So, I am now able to give you a review of Family Tree Maker 2012 in case you are looking for some good genealogy software to buy or upgrade.

Obviously some of the features I have described, may already be on previous versions, but I can only compare it with my old 2005 version!

The main interface was quite a shock to start with, as there is a lot of information on one page, and my old version just had a very simple family view page – but once I got used to it I found I really liked it.  I like the fact that you can see both the pedigree and the family group sheet on one page.  I also particularly like the fact that each ancestor’s relationship to oneself is described.  I’ve been doing a lot of descendant searching, so it’s nice to see at a glance how distant the relationship is, whether a 2nd cousin once removed or a 3rd cousin 3 x removed etc!

It is also very easy to switch from the Family sheet to the Person sheet, where you can add detailed information about each ancestor and see timelines and family relationships at a glance.

Another feature that is very useful is the Places page.  With this I can automatically see exactly where someone was born, married or died on a map without having to use external maps and typing in the information.  This will save a lot of time, as a large part of research is finding geographical locations.

The ‘Publish’ button is where one can create tree charts and pedigrees.  I have had some fun playing around with these, and there is far more scope to create an individualised chart that looks professional and suitable to present to a client.  There’s a large range of colours, fonts, box designs and backgrounds to play with, and a good range of chart types.  I particularly like the new ability to create a chart that links one specific person with another so you can see, for example, how you are linked to your 3rd great grand uncle in one simple chart!

It’s also very easy to do an automatic search on Ancestry.co.uk using the Web Search button.  All the details are automatically entered into the search engine.  Mind you, I had never used the search feature on my previous version so I’m not sure how new this is.

Some of the backgrounds available (e.g. the ‘Lifestyles’ themese) are still aimed at American users, but apart from this I have been very pleased with everything.

If you have been using a very old version of FTM, it will take a while to get used to entering information, which is slightly more complicated than it used to be, but once you’ve got used to it, it is actually very simple.

It’s certainly worth upgrading from the 2005 or earlier versions – though if you have a later version it’s difficult for me to say just how different it is.

You can buy your new or upgraded version of Family Tree Maker 2012 at:

My History

Ancestry.co.uk

Ancestry.com (currently with a 25% discount)


468x60 FTM

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How to Write Up Your Family History

eWe love genealogy because of the challenge, the chase, the excitement of finding our lost ancestors, and discovering who they were, what they did and where they lived. In the process of the search, we accumulate numerous documents, files, photographs and notes that we may very have organised very tidily (well…some of us…), with software that helps to collate it all and produce a nice looking tree. But I sometimes wonder what the point of having all this information is unless we have some way of presenting the actual story of our ancestors, some way of telling the ‘what happened’ that will interest and inspire the future generations. How do you go from researching your family history to writing a family history?

If you are a true genealogist, you will have researched beyond the birth/marriage/death details, beyond the census, and tried to find the ‘deeper’ history of your ancestors’ lives.  As a professional genealogist, I appreciate that this is not always possible.  With the best will in the world, sometimes all we have is date and place of birth, date and place of marriage, occupation, residence and date and place of death.  Sometimes not even all of these.

But even if you only have a few basic details, it is possible to construct a life story for each individual ancestor that can be written up and presented, perhaps in a book or a video, perhaps as part of a whole book looking at the lives of each of your ancestors.  A book like this would make a wonderful, unique gift for members of your family.

Writing your ancestor’s history is a bit like putting together a jigsaw from all the pieces of research you have done: the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.  Suddenly, when you see the story from birth to death, you begin to see the possible why’s and wherefore’s, a character begins to form.

Let us take my own Victorian Bott family as an example.  I do not have much information about most of them except for baptisms, census details, marriage certificates and death certificate.  They did not leave any wills, own any land, or get into trouble with the law, and I have never found any newspaper stories about them.  However, by piecing together the known facts, and by researching background history and using pictorial resources, I have written a biography of my ancestor John Walker Bott, and my late uncle wrote a leaflet about several generations of the Bott family.

Doing some background history research is the key point in getting to know the times your ancestor lived in.  A book I find invaluable is the Chronicle of Britain and Ireland which details all the main news items of each year in Britain’s history.  Of course, the internet is also full of useful information and pictorial images that you could use to illustrate your story (be careful when using images from the internet – many of them are copyrighted, so you may need permission to use them if you are going to make your work public).

Thus, part of John Walker Bott’s story I have written thus:

When John Walker Bott and his sister were born in 1814, the nation was celebrating the downfall of Napoleon, Jane Austen had just published Mansfield Park, and the actor Edmund Kean had made his debut as Shylock at Drury Lane Theatre.

While these bits of information have nothing to do with my ancestor personally, they set the context for the world into which he was born.

Books about the history of costume or housing are also very useful, and again you can find websites about fashion through the ages, which can help you to get an idea of how your ancestor dressed.

Find out about the history of the places where your ancestors were born and lived, to provide a setting for their lives.  Here, I have found out about where John was born and what life was like there:

Newcastle-under-Lyme was an old borough market town situated 2 miles from the River Trent.  By the time of JWB’s birth, Newcastle was a well appointed town, with good paving, gas lighting and a supply of good water.  It had two churches, the main one being St. Giles where John was later to be married.  By the time JWB was 17, the population was just over 8,000 and had grown to 10,000 by 1839.  Market days were Monday and Saturday, and there were five annual fairs… It would have been a very busy and bustling town at this time, lying on the main turnpike road from Liverpool and Manchester to Birmingham and London….

Once you have discovered this kind of information, other things you know about them begin to make sense.  I know that John moved to Birmingham some time before 1851, and I also know that Newcastle had become a much quieter town after the arrival of the railways, which bypassed Newcastle, and the decline of the coach trade.  He was a builder by trade, and the quickly expanding city of Birmingham must have provided far more work for him than the now quieter town of Newcastle-under-Lyme.

John Walker Bott’s life follows the usual pattern of the head of a Victorian family – the birth of five children, the death of his wife, Louisa, his second marriage two years later and the birth of further children.  By following his life through the census, looking at the number of rooms and by researching the addresses, we can see that his fortunes were increasing as the quality of housing improved.  He goes from ’employed’ to ’employer’, and at one point we know there were 10 people living in the household, including stepchildren from his 2nd wife’s previous marriage.

If we look at the history of education, we can see that the 1872 Education Act made school compulsory for all children between 5 and 13, so John’s children were likely to have been scholars at the nearby school, next to St. Mark’s Church.

In 1867, John would have been able to vote for the first time in his life when the Second Reform Bill allowed working men with an established place of residence the right to vote.

Here are some of the closing words of John’s story:

John Walker Bott died on 14th August 1874 at the age of 60.  For a hard-working man in a physically tough trade this was a good age at this time.

Throughout his life he would have seen many changes as the Victorian age grew and developed.  He had lived through the cholera epidemics of the 1830s and 40s.  When the young Queen Victoria came to the throne he would have been a young man of 23.  He perhaps read the weekly instalments of Charles Dickens’ novels.  He experienced the rapid growth and expansion of the railways, and would have known about the Great Exhibition in London in 1851.  Did he, like many others, travel by train to visit this amazing international exhibition?

It was an exciting time to live in and John Walker Bott was part of it, and benefitted from it.  He had prospered and produced a family – an ideal Victorian working man.

I hope you can see how I have used background history to set the context in which my ancestor lived.  These are all things he would have known about and probably experienced.  We don’t have to be limited in our knowledge of our ancestors merely to a few dates and place names.  By doing some general and local history research, we can get a real picture of a life, and some sense of what it was like to live in the places and times our ancestors lived in.

You can also make educated guesses at the reasons why your ancestor moved, changed career etc.  But it is very important that when writing our histories we clearly delineate between what is absolute fact and what is conjecture.  Always state your guesswork as a possibility or probability, and when giving facts you should mention where the fact comes from (e.g. baptism record).

Writing a family history therefore does not have to be just a chronological list of personal events.  It can be enriched with all the information you can find that would have touched the lives of your family.

Here are a few resources that can help you write up your family history:

  • Maps: Google Earth, Streetview or Streetmap are great internet resources for finding out whether the street or house still exists and looking at local landmarks.  You should also search for any old maps that were drawn when your ancestors lived there.
  • Local museums.  These can give you a great insight into local life, including local trades and industries.
  • Local churches. As well as gravestones, many churches produce leaflets about the history of the parish.
  • Local libraries and bookshops. You will usually find books about the local area here.
  • Tourist or council websites. These often give you good histories about the towns or villages.
  • History of Costume and Fashion websites and books
  • Wikipedia.  This is a good source of information, and many of the historical pictures used are out of copyright and available for public use (always check first).

If you don’t have a good knowledge of general history, or you doubt your writing skills, I do provide an ancestral biography service and can write up your family history for you.  See my Writing Services Page for more info or email me for more details at info@tracingancestors-uk.com.

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A History of Poppy Day

Lest we forget….

poppy dayRemembrance day – or Poppy Day – has become a day of remembrance for all who have fallen in conflict across the world, but where did it begin, what is its history and why do we use a poppy?

Poppy day was actually inspired by a poem by John McRae written after some of the bloodiest battles of World War I at Flanders and Picardy:

In Flanders’ Fields
John McCrae, 1915

In Flanders’ fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place: and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.

We are the dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie

In Flanders’ fields.

Take up our quarrel with the foe;
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high,
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders’ Fields.

The poppy was the only plant that grew in the devastation in the fields, and their bright red colour was symbolic of the blood that had been shed.  John McCrae, a doctor serving in the Canadian Armed Forces was deeply moved by this and wrote the above poem.

The First World War ended at the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918.  After such a terrible war, many people wanted some way of remembering those who had given their lives.  It was the American War Secretary, Moina Michael, who started selling poppies (inspired by John McCrae’s poem) to raise money for ex-servicemen and started an annual tradition that has lasted to the present day.

King George V announced the first Remembrance Day to be held on 11th November 1919, and this event with its 2 minutes of silence was reported in the Manchester Guardian very movingly as follows:

The first stroke of eleven produced a magical effect. The tram cars glided into stillness, motors ceased to cough and fume, and stopped dead, and the mighty-limbed dray horses hunched back upon their loads and stopped also, seeming to do it of their own volition. Someone took off his hat, and with a nervous hesitancy the rest of the men bowed their heads also. Here and there an old soldier could be detected slipping unconsciously into the posture of ‘attention’. An elderly woman, not far away, wiped her eyes, and the man beside her looked white and stern. Everyone stood very still … The hush deepened. It had spread over the whole city and become so pronounced as to impress one with a sense of audibility. It was a silence which was almost pain … And the spirit of memory brooded over it all

poppy dayThe first official Poppy Day was held in Britain on 11th November 1921.  From 1922 the poppies were made by disabled ex-service members of the Royal British Legion.

Here in Britain, the official Remembrance Day is always held on the second Sunday of November, where a ceremony is held with members of the Royal Family and members of the armed forces at the cenotaph at Whitehall, and all over Britain – but a 2 minutes silence is also held on the day of 11th November itself.  Up until 2008 veterans of World War I attended the Sunday ceremony, but the last of these died in 2009.

Tomorrow, and Sunday, I will be taking part in the 2 minute silence as usual, and though my own immediate family have been lucky enough to remain relatively unscathed by both world wars, I know that they lost close friends in those conflicts and I shall remember them, and the enormous sacrifice that was made for our freedom.

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Old Occupations: The Creative Gene

old occupationsI come from an extremely creative family.  My father was an actor, and occasionally liked to pen a word or two; my mother is an artist; my brother is an actor, film maker and musician.  My nephew is studying music, and my niece has just finished a design degree.  As for me, I write novels and at one time also tread the boards, acting, singing and dancing.  I often wonder where all these creative genes came from.  Looking at the old occupations of my ancestors, there is nothing to suggest that any of them wrote, painted, acted or made music.

But then, how would we know?  The trouble with many creative arts is that unless you are actually earning a living from it, then it often becomes a side-line or hobby.  The Victorian occupations of our ancestors that appear in the census records will most likely to be the trade at which they earned their living.  For the vast majority of people the need to feed your family was paramount, and that meant that you had very little choice but to work at whatever job came your way, or whatever you had been trained to do.

While it may be easier these days to choose your career, the choice of a career within the arts is still the most difficult in which toold occupations succeed, and it must have been more so in the past, particularly within the poorer classes – and even in the middle classes children were often expected to follow in a father’s trade.  The choice to follow a writing, artistic or acting career would very often have been an act of rebellion, going against the hopes and expectations of ambitious parents.  Middle and upper class women had more time – and were usually encouraged to take on creative pastimes such as the piano, but never as a profession – and we will not find evidence of these genteel arts unless we are very lucky.

My own ancestors range from the poorer working classes up to self-employed tradesmen of the lower/middle middle classes.  They all seem to have worked very hard to make a living (our current family definitely owe our work ethic to them), and even if they did hanker after some other form of creative expression, would very likely have had very little time in which to do so.  The nearest any of my family come to a creative profession, as far as census occupations go,  is in my father’s line, where there are some carpenters, joiners and builders.  I am rightfully proud of those ancestors, and very noble professions they are too, but where did my literary genes come from? – because I really do believe that these skills and talents come down through our families.

To look for evidence of creative leanings, one needs to look further afield than the census.  There may be clues to be found in other resources.  Who, I wonder, penned these lines from my 4 x great-grandfather Samuel Bott’s gravestone:

Here age and youth alike together lie,

Which shows that [we] should be prepared to die

Therefore… death may call full soon

And take your life before you think it noon

It may not be Wordsworth, but somebody took the trouble to write this for the stone that commemorates Samuel, his wife and their young grand-daughter.  I like to think it’s a member of the family.

Unfortunately, I have not (yet) found any wills in my family – but if you have an ancestor who wrote or painted, there could be references in a will to related items which may point to a loved pastime.

It may be worth looking at local newspapers or magazines that were published in the 18th and 19th centuries, where they still exist, to see if your ancestors had their works published in any form.

Music is probold occupationsably the most popular form of creative expression, and most of our ancestors would have had some access to musical outlets in some form or other.  My Manx fishermen ancestors no doubt had their fishing songs (there is a beautiful Manx Fisherman’s Hymn which we sang at my dad’s funeral), and perhaps my mysterious American mariner (who went back to Boston and disappears after that) sang the occasional sea shanty.

As for my mother’s Irish lot – well, surely they were always singing – and perhaps jigging – to the ubiquitous music of the Irish pub?  I do hope so!   Some of them came from Dublin – a place that has produced a large number of literary geniuses – but these ancestors were factory workers when they came to Manchester.  However, we know they did other things.  I believe that my mother’s maternal grandfather played cricket with W.G Grace himself!  (I love cricket too – is there a cricket gene?)  But if they played sport, why not do other things?

With the name McKewan in my ancestry I also like to think that I just might…please…be a distant cousin of the brilliant writer Ian McEwan!  It is a fairly common name but….

You may be lucky enough to have ancestors who did earn a living from their art with lots of evidence to prove it.  I would love to hear from you if you did.  Some of my best friend Clara’s ancestors on her father’s side were musicians who arrived from Prussia in the early 19th century.    I’m SO envious!  And yes, she is musical.  But she is also a writer and, like me, would love to find some literary people in her tree.

Anyway, I think the point of all this rambling is that we should never assume that our ancestors were not creative just because they had non-creative occupations – and we should look out for sources that could provide clues to possible sidelines.  It may not be possible – but if you do find anything, it will not only give you a stronger sense of your own identity but provide a  deeper insight into your ancestors’ lives and characters.

Please leave a comment if you have writers, artists, musicians or actors in your family tree – particularly if you have found evidence in more obscure sources than the normal types of evidence for old occupations – the more ideas the better!

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Charles Dickens’ Genealogy: Are You Connected?

Charles Dickens family treeAs my Shakespeare genealogy post was so popular, I thought I’d do a similar thing with a few more famous people – and as Charles Dickens is my favourite author it wasn’t difficult to choose one!  Much of Charles Dickens’ genealogy is fairly well documented, but I’ve also investigated a few of the ‘side lines’ in case you find a link to your own tree.

(By the way – if you want to learn how to trace your ancestors, have a look at my Step-by-Step Beginner’s Course)

I am not going to go too much into the direct descendants of Dickens.  It’s likely that if you are a direct descendant then you are going to know about it already, and many of his descendants are well known, particularly within the theatrical and publishing professions.  A full tree of his descendants can be seen at www.charlesdickenspage/dickens_family_tree.pdf

His direct descendants include:

  • Monica Dickens (writer 1915-1992).  Author of One Pair of Feet and many other great novels.
  • Brian Forster (actor b.1960 Los Angeles, USA).  He was in The Partridge Family in the 1970s.
  • Gerald Charles Dickens (actor b. 1963) Performs one man shows based on the novels of Charles Dickens.
  • Lucinda Anne Dickens Hawksley (biographer, author & lecturer b. 1970)
  • Harry Lloyd (actor b.1983 in London)  Played Will Scarlett in the BBC production of Robin Hood.

Charles Dickens (1812-1870) had ten children and they are:

  • Charles Culliford Boz (1837-1896).  Editor & writer. Married Elisabeth Matilda Moule EVANS.  They had 8 children.
  • Mary Angela (1838-1896)
  • Catherine Elizabeth Macready (1839-1929)
  • Walter Savage Landor (1841-1863) Officer in the Indian Army.  Died in Calcultta, India.
  • FrancisJeffrey (1844-1886) Member of the Canadian Mounted Police.  Fought in the Battle of Fort Pitt 1885.  Died during a lecture tour in Illinois, USA.
  • Alfred D’Orsay Tennyson (1845-1912).  Emigrated to Australia & made lecture tours on his father’s life.  Married Augusta Jessie DEVLIN in Victoria Australia & they had 2 daughters.  Later married Emily RILEY.  Died in New York during a lecture tour.
  • Sidney Smith Haldiman (1847-1872) Royal Naval Officer.  Died at sea & buried in the Indian Ocean.
  • Henry Fielding (1849-1933)  Kings Counsel & Barrister.  Marred Marie ROCHE & they had 5 children.
  • Dora Annie (1850-1851)  Died in infancy.
  • Edward Bulwer Lytton (1852-1902) Australian politician.  Married Constance DESAILLY.  Died in Moree, New South Wales, Australia.

There is some scope for Australian and American family historians here!

Charles Dickens’ ancestors can only be taken back with any confidence to his grandfather, William Dickens (1719-1785) who married an Elizabeth BALL (1745-1824).  Given that their son, John was born in Marylebone, London in 1785, the BALL family may be of London.  There is an Elizabeth BALL baptized in Finsbury on 16th October, the daughter of Francis and Elizabeth, but there could be hundreds with this name born in that year, so finding a definite link to this line would be very difficult.

Much more is known about Charles’s father, John Dickens (1785-1851).  He married Elizabeth Culliford BARROW on 30th June 1809 in London.  Elizabeth was the daughter of Charles BARROW (1759-1826) and Mary CULLIFORD (1771-1851).  Charles, like John Dickens, worked at the Navy Pay Office, and was convicted of embezzling.  He married Mary Culliford on 27th January 1788 in Lambeth, Surrey.

According to a published tree on Ancestry, Charles Barrow was born in Bristol, the son of William Barrow and Anne CASTEELS.  Obviously, this needs confirming, but it may be of interest if you have Bristol or Somerset Barrows or Casteels in your family, and worth looking into.

According to the same tree, Mary Culliford was the daughter of a Thomas Culliford and Mary GOLDSWORTH, who married in Westminster.  Again, this may be worth checking if you have these names in your family.  In fact, Mary’s baptism can be found on Ancestry and took place in Camden, Middlesex.

Elizabeth Barrow had several siblings, who may have living descendants, so these would be worth looking into.

John and Elizabeth DICKENS had seven other children apart from Charles.  I do know that there are living descendants, as one of my closest friends is one!

  • Frances Elizabeth (1810-1848).  Did not marry.
  • Alfred Allen (1814-1814)  Died in infancy.
  • Letitia Mary (1816-1874)  Did not marry (as far as I know).
  • Harriet Ellen (1819-1822) Died in childhood.
  • Frederick William (1820-1868).  Married Anna WELLER, but they separated in 1858.  Died an alcoholic.
  • Alfred Lamerte (1822-1860) Railway Engineer.  Married Helen DOBSON in 1836 & they had 5 children:
  1. Alfred E Dickens
  2. Edmund (or Edward) Henry Dickens
  3. Florence Helen Dickens
  4. Katherine L. Dickens
  5. Augusta Maud Dickens
  • Augustus (1827-1866) Married Harriet LOVELL but he left her and emigrated to Chicago, USA, where he had 3 children by Bertha PHILLIPS, the daughter of an English solicitor.  The children (all born in the US) are:
  1. Bertram Dickens
  2. Adrian Dickens
  3. Amy Bertha Dickens

For a connection to Charles by marriage, we can look at Dickens’ wife’s family.  If you have Scottish HOGARTHs in your family tree you might be interested in this.

Charles Dickens’ wife was Catherine Thompson HOGARTH.  She was born in Edinburgh, the daughter of George Hogarth (1780-1870) a newspaper editor and music critic.  He was born in the Scottish borders and was married to Georgina THOMPSON in 1814 in Edinburgh.  Catherine was their first child, and the other children were:

  • Robert Hogarth (1816-?)
  • Mary Hogarth (1819-1837).  She lived with Charles and Catherine in the early years of their marriage until her early death.
  • George Thomson Hogarth (1821-?)
  • William Thomson Hogarth (1823-?)
  • Georgina Hogarth (1827-1917) Became Charles Dickens’ housekeeper.  Later published the letters of Charles Dickens.

George HOGARTH senior was the son of Robert HOGARTH and Mary SCOTT, and according to my own searches he had several siblings all born in Channelkirk: Robert (1785), John (1786), Mellicent (1788), Christian (1790), Mary (1791), Jane (1792) and Mary (1794).  These details need confirming.

Charles Dickens genealogyIt is not surprising that many of Charles Dickens’ descendants are theatrical.  He was a great lover of the theatre and produced and performed in several plays himself.  He was a great character – but hampered all his life by the financial problems of his father and several of his siblings.  His marriage was not a happy one, and he had at least one mistress – the actress Ellen Ternan.  He seems to have had good relationships with his daughters, two of whom can be seen in this picture.

He is first on my fantasy dinner party list.  I think he probably was great fun to have at parties – especially in his younger days.  My own historical fiction writing is often influenced by his style and he tends to pop up now and then as a kind of guest character!  Next year will be the 200th anniversary of his birth – cause for much celebration!

More information on Charles Dickens’ genealogy can be seen at MyHeritage.com.  I would like to hear from anyone who has Charles Dickens in their family tree, or would like any help in finding a connection.

Recommended Books:

Peter Ackroyd’s Dickens

Charles Dickens: A Life

The Complete Works of Charles Dickens (Annotated)

More Charles Dickens books




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Find Out About Your Ancestors using Online Resources

Not so long ago it would have been impossible to find out anything about your ancestors without leaving your house and travelling to a range of different archives, libraries and record offices all over the country.  I remember that time, particularly visiting St Catherine’s House (pictured right) in my lunch hour in the 70s and how frustrating it was if you didn’t have the time or the funds to visit local depositories!  Whether you are an amateur or professional genealogist, you have to admit that we are lucky to live in an age when information is available at the end of your fingertips.

Even so, there are still thousands of records that can only be accessed by visiting local record offices or archives, and even though the big online genealogy website entice us by announcing the release of many more records (as both Ancestry.co.uk and FindMyPast have both done within the last fornight), there may only be a few documents online that give us much information about a specific ancestor.

So what can you do to enrich your knowledge of an ancestor without travelling to a local archive or paying for someone to do it for you?

Last week I decided to have a look at FindMyPast‘s recently released Manchester Collection.  Both my mother’s and my father’s family have lived at some time in Manchester, so I hoped that I might find something on here pertaining to both sides of my family tree.  However, the only document that I could definitely link to an ancestor was the registration document for my maternal great-grandmother’s entry into the Manchester Workhouse.

I knew that Ann Reid (nee Jepson) had spent some time in the workhouse because I had found her there on the 1901 census, and I knew from my mother that she had had a very bad time after the untimely death of her husband, and that the younger children (including my grandmother) had gone into foster homes.  The information contained in the registration document was fairly dry – it told me nothing more than the dates of entry and discharge, her religion and age.  There was not much here that I didn’t already know, but I used up some of my FindMyPast credits to see the original document.

The date of her entry was interesting because it was 28th December 1900.  This was my grandmother’s 8th birthday, and I immediately thought what a horrid birthday that must have been for her, with her mother entering the workhouse, and having to go and live with a foster family.  It was also interesting that the creed register gave her religion as Church of England, as she had married into a Roman Catholic family from Ireland.

I then looked to see if I could find any more information about this workhouse, including any photographs.  The wonderful website Workhouses.org.uk gave me this page full of information about the old workhouse, and the building of the Cumpsall workhouse (where my great-grandmother stayed) in 1855-7.  According to a report in 1866, it was “…one of the best managed work-houses that I have ever inspected. It is in thoroughly excellent order throughout, and generally in such a state as to reflect the highest credit on all concerned in its management and care.”  This was good to know, considering the terrible things I have read about most workhouses, and I was glad that Ann Reid was in such a well managed place.  This website has plenty of photographs, which I have not copied here as they are under strict copyright, but I did find a photograph of an old sign about visiting hours dated 1879, and I wondered whether the rules still applied in 1900!

This may not seem like a huge amount of information, but it certainly enriches what I know about my great-grandmother’s life, and gives me a bit of insight into the year she spent in the workhouse.  Somehow, this kind of information brings our ancestors much closer.

Of course, more details are no doubt to be had by visiting Manchester archives, and I hope to deepen my research further at some point by doing this – but my point today is that there is still much you can find out about your ancestors by looking at relevant resources on the internet, and it is always worth following up any information you find by using google searches or online maps.

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Warwickshire Genealogy

Warwickshire genealogyAs I am based in Warwickshire, and carry out local searches for local parish records and other records in this county, I am offering a short guide to Warwickshire genealogy for those of you who have ancestors here.  Of course, if you are unable to visit any of the archives mentioned, then I can do that for you!  Just visit my services page to see my hourly rate and research packages.

The Gazateer of The British Isles 1887 describes Warwickshire as: “…a pleasant undulating surface of hill and dale, watered by the Avon, Leam, and Tame” – and of its industry:  “The manufactures are carried on chiefly at Birmingham (hardware and silk goods) and Coventry (watches and ribbons). There are mineral springs at Leamington, Stratford on Avon, Ilmington, Southam, Willoughby, King’s Newnham, &c.; The county is traversed in all directions by canals and railways.”  Hence, if you have Warwickshire genealogy you should keep a look out for silk & ribbon weavers, watchmakers, iron workers, canal & railway workers.

Main Archives in Warwickshire

The main depository for parish records and other historical and family history records is Warwickshire Record Office at Warwick.  If you plan to visit, they are closed in the first FULL week of the month and on all Mondays, but it’s best to check their opening times in any case.

Birmingham, although previously park of Warwickshire, is now part of the County of West Midlands, which came into existence in 1974.  If you have ancestors in Birmingham, then you will need to visit The Birmingham City Archives, which is on the top floor of Birmingham Central Library.  They have different opening hours for the family history and main records sections, so check the website for details.

If you have families that were based in or around Stratford it may be worth checking the collection at the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust Library & Archives.  This does not just hold documents to do with Shakespeare and Stratford – it has a huge collection of documents relating to families of the surrounding area. They are closed on Mondays and Tuesdays.

If you are searching for in-depth information on Warwickshire trades and occupations, then you might try Warwick University’s Modern Records Centre, which holds a collection relating to the local history of trade unions and assocations, and political and pressure groups, back to around the mid-19th century.

The Warwickshire Library Local Studies Department holds newspaper and map collections.

Diocesan Record Offices

If you are searching for wills, marriage licence records or other records that were administered by the diocesant court, you will need to search in the appropriate diocesan record office.  The county is mainly split in two, the north eastern part being mainly part of the diocese of Lichfield, and the south western part being main part of the diocese of Worcestershire.  However, a few parishes in the south west, which were once part of Gloucestershire, are part of the diocese of Gloucestershire.    Here you can see a parish map which shows the boundaries of the dioceses.

Warwickshire Record Office holds indexes of wills held by Lichfield and Worcestershire, and then for other records and to order wills you can visit:

Lichfield Record Office

Worcestershire Record Office

Gloucestershire Record Office

These are the main facts you need to know about searching for genealogy in Warwickshire.  For other historical sources for Warwickshire, visit GENUKI for lots more links and information.

If you are unable to get to any of the archives mentioned, please contact me at info@tracingancestors-uk.com.  I have ready access to the Warwickshire Record Office and the Shakespeare Birthplace Centre.  I can also visit the Birmingham Archives, and the Worcestershire and Gloucestershire archives – though I need to have at least 3 hours of work to make the travel to these worth while, and I do charge some travelling fees for these centres.  I also have a list of genealogists who can visit those archives that are out of my area.

Warwickshire genealogyApart from visiting archives, my service also includes visiting local parishes and taking photographs of churches, graves, houses or any other place or building relating to your family history.  Please don’t hesitate to contact me if you have any other questions about Warwickshire genealogy.

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Francis Manley: Man of Manchester

Francis Manley - Man of ManchesterFrom time to time I will be writing the occasional blog post about people in my own family tree, and today it’s the turn of my maternal grandfather, Francis Manley.  I have always been fascinated by the fact that my grandfather was born in 1865, when Victoria was not half way through her reign, and when Dickens was still alive.  He had my mother late in life from a second marriage and so was already at retirement age when she was born.  I love the fact that I have a Victorian grandfather – it makes me feel more in touch with that period.  Of course the downside of that is that I never knew him.  He died when my mother was 11 years old at the age of 70.

For many years I had been unable to find his birth details.  Searches of the GRO indexes had drawn a blank, and I had not been able to find him on the census before 1891.  Then one day, I was discussing him with my mother, and she said that she had thought he had been fostered at one point.  I asked my aunt, and she said that the name McKewen might have been the names of the foster parents.

I tried searching the 1881 census for Francis MCEWEN – and bingo – there he was!  But the information I found was a little different to what I had expected.  The 15 year old Francis McEwen and a younger sister were living in the household of John MANLEY and his wife Margaret Ann.  The relationship to the Head of Household was brother. What did this mean?

Searches of the 1871 census again proved difficult, and I tried searching for both MANLEY and MCEWEN names.  In the end, by taking out the first name and just searching for all 5 year olds named MCEWEN, I found him – his first name had been written as “Fracis”, which is why I had not been able to find him at first.

The amazing thing was that he appeared to be the youngest son of a John MCEWEN and wife Margaret Jane.  This was a revalation – he had not been born a Manley and fostered by McEwens; it was completely the other way around!  Further searches revealed that his parents both died in 1873, and Francis and his younger sister had obviously been brought up for the rest of their childhoods by his older sister, Margaret Ann, and her husband John MANLEY.

My mother and my aunt were very surprised to learn that their family name was not Manley, but McEwen – and that the family had arrived in Liverpool from Ireland a couple of generations before my grandfather!

So, to begin at the beginning, my grandfather’s story is as follows:

He was born in Clifford Street, Openshaw, Manchester, on 31st May 1865, the son of John McEwen, a labourer in the iron works, and Jane Stickney (the granddaughter of an American ship-wright and mariner – but that’s another story…).  On looking at old maps, I can see that there were several iron foundries and iron works in this area, as well as railway works.  They were still living in the same street in 1871, and two of Francis’s older brothers worked on the railways.  This street no longer exists but I imagine they were similar to the terraced houses shown on the left.

By 1881, Francis’s parents had died, and he and his younger sister were living with their married sister Margaret Ann Manley in Openshaw.  John Manley also worked with iron as a forgeman.  The 15 year old Francis was a “cart boy”.  It seems very likely that he was in charge of a cart used to transport goods for the railway.  Thus he started his long and successful career with the Manchester Railways.

Seven years later he was marrying his first wife, Annie Lawton, in the parish church of Cheetham, and he was living in Salford at the time of the marriage – the other side of Manchester from where he had been born.  What is interesting about the marriage certificate is that he gives his name as Francis Manley – and also names his father as John Manley.  Francis gives his own occupation as “Clerk”.  Already he had got himself a desk job!

I have often wondered why he names John Manley as his father.  His parents had not died so early that he would have forgotten them, but perhaps John was a better father figure than his real father had been.  Another strange anomaly is that in every census from 1891 he gives his place of birth as Hanley in Staffordshire (which had earlier led me to a couple of wasted hours at Staffordshire Record Office!).  This is actually the same place of birth of his step-father/brother-in-law, John.  Did he want to disassociate himself from his real origins, or did he really think he had been born there?

Francis and Annie settled down in Cheetham were Francis was now established as a railway clerk, while Annie took in work as a draper and dressmaker.  Cheetham was another industrial area – and while I cannot find Garnett Street on a modern map, I imagine they would have been living quite close to Manchester’s Victoria Station – or perhaps Francis worked at the Manchester Exchange Railway Station which had been opened in 1884.  Or could he have had something to do with the Cheetham Hill Junction?  I have not been able to find him in any digitalised sources – but I may be able to find him at railway archives held locally or at the National Archives.

In 1901 they had moved to Herbert Street.  This street still exists, and nearby is a railway depot – but I don’t think this was there when my grandfather was alive.  If anyone can give me information on this, I would be very grateful.  Francis’s occupation is now “Railway Goods Clerk” and his wife is a dressmaker employing workers at home.  They have three children and one servant.  While still within the smoke of industrial Manchester, this was a better lifestyle than the one Francis had been born into, where his birth parents and his step-parents had had to manage with many children and no servants in probably very cramped conditions.

Why, I wonder, does Francis suddenly decide to give his birth surname in the 1911 census?  He is there in Brandram Road, Prestwich as Francis McEwen, with wife Annie, three children and four boarders – no doubt an extra little money earner, and they are now living close to the open space of Heaton Park.  His occupation is “Railway Clerk Shipping Dept”, and his son James (my mother always knew him as “Uncle Jim” though he was actually her much older half brother) is a warehouseman.  His two daughters, Annie May and Olive presumably both work for their mother as a mantle maker and pin winder.

Annie died in 1917 and Francis continued to live at the same house in Brandram Road where he still lived at the time of his marriage to Elizabeth Reid, my grandmother, in 1923.  Elizabeth was nearly 30 years his junior and worked as a warehouse employee – perhaps in the same warehouse where Francis’s son worked.  His married daughter Olive was a witness to the marriage with her husband.  Again, Francis states John Manley to be his father.  St Margaret’s Church is shown on the right.

A year later my mother Joyce was born, and two years later my Aunt Dorothy.  Very soon after this Francis and his new family retired to the Isle of Man, and my mother had the pleasure of spending her childhood across the road from the sea at Ramsey.  What a change it must have been for Francis after the bustle and polluted air of Manchester to settle down surrounded by the beautiful Manx countryside and coastline, with the sound of the sea constantly in his ears.

He was to enjoy several years of this new life before he died of a stroke in 1935.  My mother always speaks of him very fondly – as a proud but happy and generous man.  I guess he had reasons to be proud.  He had worked hard all his life and provided both his families with a more comfortable way of life than the one he had started with.

He is part of the history of Manchester and the large part it had to play in the development of the railways.  He would no doubt have seen them building the grand and glorious Manchester Town Hall which opened in 1877.  He was literate, loved Charles Dickens and was, I believe, open-minded and intelligent.  He encouraged my mother when she showed a talent as an artist, which very few fathers would have done back then.

There is more research to be done to find out more about my grandfather’s life, and some questions may never be answered, but this is the story I have so far pieced together from BMD, the census and the oral history from my mother and aunt.  It is amazing how much one can put together from relatively few documents!

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Unique Christmas Gift Ideas: Genealogy Gifts

unique christmas gift ideasNormally I refuse to talk about Christmas until at least 1st December, but if you are looking for unique Christmas gift ideas that need to be ordered in good time, then a genealogy gift would certainly be an unusual and personal one, and you need to order soon.

But what exactly does a genealogy gift entail?  The most obvious of course is to have a partner’s or friend’s family tree researched by a professional genealogist.  However, there is really no such thing as a complete family history; genealogy is a never-ending subject – but a researched family history can still make a great gift if you set boundaries for exactly what is researched.

For instance, you could ask for just one line to be researched as far back as possible within a set budget.  Or you could ask for the Victorian history of the person’s ancestors.  Another idea would be to have one particularly ancestor researched with a written biography.

Research takes time, and you have to remember that a busy genealogist will probably have several other projects with deadlines on at the same time.  However, if you’re looking for a last minute research gift, then my vouchers may be what your’re looking for.  For more details go to THIS PAGE.  I am also offering a Christmas discount of 20% for all new research clients ordering before 31st December 2011.

For an extra fee, most genealogists would probably be happy to present their research for you in a bound folder, with census records, certificates and other documents all nicely presented along with family tree charts.

For this kind of present, you would probably need to spend a minimum of around £200, but you could spend up to about £500.

And what kind of person would love this gift?  Well, obviously you need to find out whether they’ve already researched their tree before commissioning the research!  And you also need to know that they have an interest.  Do they never miss an episode of Who Do You Think You Are? Have you heard them say, ‘Oh, I’d love to do my family history, but I’d never find the time’.  Do they stare dreamily at that old photograph of a grandparent and wonder where they came from?  Or perhaps you’ve had your own tree researched and they were quite envious?

If your budget doesn’t extend to hours of research, then perhaps another genealogy gift would be welcome.  The books listed on the right could be useful for anyone considering or already researching their own family tree.  There are also plenty of suitable gifts for the confirmed genealogy enthusiast at the website My History, including software, books, blank charts, storage and maps.  You could either buy a one-off gift for someone you know who loves genealogy – or you could combine the kind of research gift I’ve described above with one of their binders or perhaps a map to go with the research.

Whatever you choose, there are many ways of giving a great genealogy gift to someone, whether they have never done any research, or whether they are a keen amateur or seasoned professional.  Personally, I think its one of the most lovely, personal and unique Christmas gift ideas you could ever choose!

To discuss a family tree research order, please email me at info@tracingancestors-uk.com.



My History

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